15 Common Cultures in Microbial Experiments
1、RPMI-1640 Medium
RPMI-1640 is widely used in the culture of mammals, special hematopoietic cells, normal or malignant hyperplasia leukocytes, hybridoma cells, and is currently a very widely used medium. Mainly used for suspension cell culture. Other lymphoblasts such as K-562, HL-60, Jurkat, Daudi, IM-9, T-cell lymphoma cells and HCT-15 epithelial cells can be used for reference.
2、Minimum Essential Medium（MEM）
Also known as minimum essential medium, it contains only 12 essential amino acids, glutamine and 8 vitamins. It is simple in composition and can be widely adapted to the culture of various established cell lines and mammalian cell types in different places. MEM-Alpha is generally used to culture some difficult-to-culture cell types, while other cell lines without special features can be cultivated with MEM.
3. DMEM-high sugar (standard type)
A widely used medium for many mammalian cell cultures, better suited for high-density suspensioncellCulture. It is suitable for cloning culture with poor adhesion, but does not want it to leave the original growth point, and can also be used for the culture of myeloma cells and DNA transfected transformed cells in hybridomas.
4. DMEM-low sugar (standard type)
A very widely usedmediumLow sugar is suitable for adherent cell culture, especially for tumor cell culture with fast growth rate and poor adhesion.
5、DMEM/F12
DMEM/F12 medium is suitable for culture of clonal density. F12 medium is complex in composition and contains a variety of trace elements. It binds to DMEM 1:1, called DMEM/F12 medium (DME/F12medium). It is used as the basis for developing serum-free formulas to take advantage of the rich components of F12 and the high concentration of nutrients in DMEM. The medium is suitable for mammalian cell culture under conditions of low serum content. In order to enhance the buffering ability of this medium, one of the improvements is to add 15mM HEPES buffer to DMEM/F12 (1:1).
6、McCoy’s 5A
McCoy's 5A Medium is mainly designed for the culture of sarcoma cells, which can support the growth of a variety of primary grafts (such as bone marrow, skin, lung and spleen, etc.). In addition to being suitable for general primary cell culture, it is mainly used for tissue biopsy culture, some lymphocyte culture and some difficult-to-culture cells. Such as Jensen rat sarcoma fibroblasts, human lymphocytes, HT-29, BHL-100 and other epithelial cells.
7、Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco Medium (IMDM)
Guilber and Iscove modified Dulbecco'Medium to Iscove's Medium for the culture of erythrocytes and macrophage precursors. This medium contains selenium, additional amino acids and vitamins, sodium pyruvate and HEPES. And replaced ferric nitrate with potassium nitrate. IMDM was also able to promote the growth of mouse B lymphocytes, LPS-stimulated B cells, bone marrow hematopoietic cells, T cells and lymphoma cells. IMDM is a very nutrient-rich medium, so it can be used for the rapid proliferation and culture of high-density cells.
8、M-199 Medium
In 1950, Morgan successfully developed a cell culture medium with a defined chemical composition, M-199, mainly for the culture of chicken embryo fibroblasts. This medium must be supplemented with serum to support long-term culture. M-199 can be used to culture cells from a variety of species and can culture transfected cells.
9、Leibovitz Medium （L-15）
L-15 medium is suitable for the culture of rapidly proliferating tumor cells and for the culture of tumor cell lines in the absence of CO2. This medium adopts a phosphate buffer system, the amino acid composition is further improved, and glucose is replaced by galactose.
10. Ham's F-10 medium: adapted to the culture of mouse cells and human diploids.
11. Ham's F-12 medium: can be used with very little serum, especially suitable for single-cell culture and cloning culture. It is a commonly used basic medium in serum-free culture.
12. William's Medium E: For long-term cell culture of rat hepatic epithelial cells.
13. MCDB 131 medium: used to culture endothelial cells.
14. Opti-MEM I Reduced Serum Media: for culturing hematopoietic cells.
15. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA): Increases cell transformation and DNA synthesis.
