What are the experimental reagents? Laboratory often

　　Domestic and imported reagents
　　Ethanol, methanol, isooctanol, glycerol, isopropanol, n-octane, ethylene glycol, n-pentanol, isopentanol, mannitol, polyethylene glycol, anhydrous sodium sulfate, sodium benzoate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium tetraborate, sodium oxalate, sodium fluoride, disodium EDTA, sodium potassium tartrate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium iodide, potassium aluminum sulfate, potassium hydroxide, potassium periodate, ethyl acetoacetate, sulfonamide, aniline, m-phenylenediamine, ammonia, acetone, butanol, copper oxide, toluene, zinc granules, magnesium sulfate, alumina, lead acetate, barium chloride, silver nitrate, activated carbon, calcium carbonate, formaldehyde, phenol, silica gel G, column chromatography silica gel, color-changing silica gel, Tween, liquid paraffin, carbon tetrachloride Hydrogen peroxide, glucose, lactose, sucrose, phenolphthalein, crystal violet, fluorescein, basic magenta, cresol red, Congo red, hydro-printing triketone, chrome black T, methylene blue, thymophenolphthalein, m-phenylenediamine, sodium tetraphenylboron, fixed blue B salt, peroxidase, 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine, carbon tetrachloride (chromatography), (benchmark) potassium chloride, pepsin, peptone, beef paste, yeast paste, yeast extract powder, agar powder, nutritional agar, SS agar, tiger red agar, Maconkay agar, ehong melan agar, lactose bile salt fermentation　　Experimental reagent reservoir and solution

　　3. PathogenicityEscherichia coli(EPEC) diagnostic serum, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diagnostic serum, enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) diagnostic serum, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) diagnostic serum O157: H7.

　　4. Mixed multivalent diagnostic serum of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 and serotype O139 of Inaba, Ogawa and Hikushima

　　5. Neisseria meningitidis polyvalent serum and subgroup serum

　　6. Streptococcus classification diagnostic serum

　　7. Streptococcus pneumoniae diagnostic serum

　　8. Yersinia diagnostic serum

　　Dyeing solution for commonly used reagents in microbiology laboratories

　　1. Gram staining solution (1) Crystal violet solution A solution: Crystal violet 20g, 95% ethanol 20ml; B solution: ammonium oxalate 0.8g, distilled water 80ml. Mix A solution and B solution 24h before dyeing, filter and put them into a reagent bottle for later use. (2) Iodine solution: 1g of iodine, 2g of potassium iodide, 300ml of distilled water. Mix iodine and potassium iodide and grind, add a few milliliters of distilled water to gradually dissolve, then grind, continue to add a small amount of distilled water until iodine and potassium iodide are completely dissolved. Finally, make up the amount of water. You can also use a small amount of distilled water to completely dissolve potassium iodide, and then add iodine tablets. After complete dissolution, add water to 300ml. (3) Decolorization solution: 95% ethanol (4) Re-staining solution: sand yellow 2.5g, 95% ethanol 100ml is the storage solution, 10ml of the storage solution is taken, and 90ml of distilled water is added as the application solution.

　　2. Acid-fast staining solution (1) Alkaline reddening staining solution: ① Lüner carbolic acid reddening solution: 10ml of alkaline reddening ethanol saturated solution, 90ml of 5% carbolic acid solution. ② Decolorization solution: 3ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 97ml of 95% ethanol. ③ Re-staining solution (Lüffler methylene blue solution): 30ml of methylene blue ethanol saturated solution, 100g/L potassium hydroxide solution 0.1ml, 100ml of distilled water. (2) Gold amine O-Rhodamine B staining solution: ① Rhodamine B solution: 0.1g of Rhodamine B add 100ml of distilled water. ② 1g/L gold amine O solution: gold amine O solution 0.1g add 95ml of distilled water, and then add 5ml of pure carbolic acid and mix well. ③ 3% ethanol hydrochloride. ④ Dilute methylene blue liquid: Luffler methylene blue liquid 100ml, add distilled water 90ml, mix well.

　　3. Flagellar staining solution (improved Ryu method) A solution: 10ml of 5% carbolic acid, 2g of tannic acid, 10ml of saturated aluminum potassium sulfate solution; B solution: saturated solution of crystal purple ethanol. Apply 10 parts of solution A and 1 part of solution B, mix, store at room temperature for later use.

　　4. Dyeing solution of heterodye granules, solution A: toluidine blue 0.15g, malachite green 2g/L, 95% ethanol 2.0ml, distilled water 100ml. Solution B: iodine 2g, potassium iodide 3g, distilled water 300ml. First add potassium iodide to a little distilled water (about 2ml), shake it well, until it is completely dissolved, then add iodine, so that it is completely dissolved, add distilled water to 300ml. 5. Capsule staining solution (1) Indian ink or 50g/L melanin aqueous solution (2) 5g/L aniline blue aqueous solution.

　　Experimental reagents commonly used in molecular laboratories

　　1. Experimental reagents commonly used in molecular laboratories 1M Tris-HCl component concentration 1M Tris-HCl (pH 7.4, 7.6, 8.0)

　　2. Molecular laboratory commonly used experimental reagents 1.5 M Tris-HCl component concentration 1.5 M Tris-HCl (pH 8.8)

　　3. Molecular laboratory commonly used experimental reagents 10 x TE Buffer component concentration 100 mM Tris-HCl, 10 mM EDTA (pH 7.4, 7.6, 8.0) bacteria.

　　4. Molecular laboratory commonly used experimental reagent 3 M sodium acetate, component concentration 3 M sodium acetate (pH 5.2)

　　5. Molecular laboratory commonly used experimental reagents PBS Buffer component concentration 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 10 mM Na2HPO4, 2 mM KH2PO4

　　6. Molecular laboratory commonly used experimental reagents 10 M ammonium acetate, component concentration 10 M ammonium acetate

　　7. Molecular laboratory commonly used experimental reagents Tris-HCl balance phenol configuration method

　　A. Use of raw materials: Most commercially available liquefied phenols are clear and colorless, and can be used for molecular biology experiments without heavy distillation. However, some liquefied phenols are pink or yellow and should be avoided. Crystalline phenols should also be avoided. Crystalline phenols must be re-distilled at 160 ° C to remove oxidation products such as quinones, which can cause breakage of phosphate diester bonds or cross-linking of RNA and DNA. Therefore, the quality of phenol is extremely important for DNA and RNA extraction, and we recommend using high-quality phenols for molecular biology experiments.

　　B. Operation Note: Phenol is highly corrosive and can cause serious burns. Wear gloves and protective glasses when operating. All operations should be carried out in a fume hood. Wash the skin areas that have come into contact with phenol with plenty of water, and wash with soap and water. Avoid ethanol.

　　C. Phenol Balance: Because DNA is distributed in the organic phase under acidic pH conditions, phenol must be balanced to achieve a pH value above 7.8 before using phenol. The operation method of phenol balance is as follows: ① Liquefied phenol should be stored at -20 ° C, at which time the phenol presents a crystalline state. The phenol taken from the freezer is first placed at room temperature to reach room temperature, and then the phenol is fully dissolved in a water bath at 68 ° C. ② Add hydroxyquinoline (8-Quinolinol) to a final concentration of 0.1%. The compound is a reducing agent, an incomplete inhibitor of RNase, and a weak chelating agent for metal ions. At the same time, it is yellow in color. Helps to facilitate the identification of organic phases. ③ Add an equal volume of 1M Tris-HCl (pH8.0) and stir with a magnetic stirrer for 15 minutes. After standing to fully delaminate, remove the upper aqueous phase. ④ Repeat the operation steps ③. ⑤ Add an equal volume of 0.1M Tris-HCl (pH8.0) and stir with a magnetic stirrer for 15 minutes. After standing to fully delaminate, remove the upper aqueous phase. ④ Repeat the operation steps ⑤ with a slight residual part of the upper aqueous phase. 0006 Use a pH test paper to confirm that the pH value of the organic phase is greater than 7.8. 😂 Store phenol in a brown glass bottle at 4 ° C away from light.

　　8. Folin reagent B, commonly used experimental reagent in molecular laboratories, configuration method a. Add sodium tungstate? 2 water 25.0359g, sodium molybdate? 2 water 6.2526g, deionized water 175mL, 85% phosphoric acid 12.5mL, concentrated hydrochloric acid 25mL in a 500mL grinding reflux device, and mix well. b. Reflux for 10 hours, add lithium sulfate 37.5g, deionized water 12.5mL and a few drops of bromine. c. Then boil for 15min to drive away excess bromine, and bandwidth evaluation to 250mL after cooling. d. Store in a brown bottle and can be used for many years. Note: The concentration of Folin reagent B in the above preparation is generally around 2mol/L. Several operation schemes are to dilute Folin reagent B to 1mol/L, and the concentration is used as the application solution. At this time, we dilute the reserve solution 18 times before use to make the concentration slightly higher at 0.1mol/L. This Folin reagent B diluted 18 times is the "application solution" referred to above. Folin reagent B is stored, and the calibration of the liquid concentration is generally based on phenolphthalein as an indicator. Use Folin reagent B to titrate a standard sodium hydroxide solution of about 1 mol/L, when the color of the solution changes from red to purple gray, and then suddenly becomes dark green, which is the end point. If you use sodium hydroxide to titrate Folin reagent B, the end point is not easy to grasp. The color of the solution changes from light yellow to light green, and then to gray-purple as the end point.

　　9. Preparation of meat culture medium with commonly used experimental reagents in molecular laboratories: (1) Take 500g of beef that has removed muscle membranes and fat, cut it into small squares, put it in 1000 mL of distilled water, cook for 1 hour on low heat, filter it with gauze, squeeze dry the gravy, and keep the gravy for later use. Grind the meat residue with a meat grinder, or cut it into fine grains with a knife. (2) Add the reserved gravy to the total volume of 2000 mL, add 20g of peptone, 2g of glucose, 5g of sodium chloride, and minced meat residue, shake it in a flask, and heat to dissolve the peptone. (3), take the upper layer solution to measure the pH, and adjust it to 8.0, in the flask wall with a marker to mark the height of the liquid in the bottle, 121 ℃ sterilization after 15 minutes to make up the evaporated water, re-adjust the pH 8.0, and then boil 10-20min, make up the water after adjusting the pH 7.4. (4), shake the contents of the flask, the solution and meat residue in the test tube, meat residue accounted for about 1/4 of the medium. After sterilization at 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, stand by. If not used on the same day, the sterilized paraffin petroleum jelly should be added in a sterile operation to isolate oxygen. 10. Washing treatment of cell culture grade glassware with experimental reagents commonly used in molecular laboratories (1) According to the above method, the glassware is initially washed and dried. (2) Soak the glassware in the lotion for 24~ 48h. Note that the glassware should be completely filled with the lotion. Be careful not to splash the lotion on the clothes and all parts of the body during operation. (3) Take it out and drain the excess lotion. (4) Rinse it well with tap water. (5) Arrange 6 buckets of water. The first 3 buckets are deionized water, and the last 3 buckets are deionized double steamed water. (6) Pass the glassware through 6 buckets of water in turn. The glassware is passed 6~ 8 times in each bucket. (7) Turn it upside down and dry at 60 ° C. (8) Wrap it with sulfuric acid paper and dry bake it at 160 ° C. for 3h. Recommended reading:Classification of chemical reagents