Combretastatin A-1

Combretastatin A-1 is a microtubule polymerization inhibitor that binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin. Combretastatin A-1 inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through tubulin depolymerization mediated AKT deactivation. Combretastatin A-1 exhibits anti-tumor and anti-vascular effects In Vitro Combretastatin A-1 (72 h) inhibits the growth of various tumor cell lines in vitro, including HepG2, SMMC-7721, Hepa 1-6, LM-3, Bel-7402, Huh7, BGC-803, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, A375, NCI-1975, CT-26, HT-29, A549 cells (IC 50 =9.2, 12.8, 32.9, 33.8, 38.4, 728.2, 12.2, 17.6, 46.0, 61.0, 256.3, 1075.0, 2082.0, 2247.0 nM, respectively). Combretastatin A-1 (1-10 nM; 24 h) induces apoptosis by microtubule depolymerization-induced AKT inactivation and the removal of GSK-3β inhibition in HepG2 cells. Combretastatin A-1 (1-50 nM; 6 h) decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of HepG2 cells. Combretastatin A-1 shows dose-dependently ROS accumulation in HepG2 cells. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Western Blot AnalysisCell Line: HepG2 cells Concentration: 1, 5, 10 nM Incubation Time: 24 hours Result: Significantly decreased Mcl-1 expression, but the Bcl-2 level was unchanged. Reduced p-GSK 3β (Ser9) without altering total GSK-3β protein levels, indicating an activation of GSK-3β. Reduced AKT phosphorylation on Ser473 without an obvious change in the total AKT protein levels. In Vivo Combretastatin A-1 (1-4 mg/kg; i.v. every other day for 4 weeks) significantly reduces the tumor volume in HepG2 subcutaneous xenograft model. Combretastatin A-1 (2 mg/kg; every other day for 21 days) shows enhanced apoptosis in orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Animal Model: Male athymic BALB/c nu/nu mice (16-18 g; 4-6 weeks old) were inoculated with HepG2 cellsDosage: 1, 2, 4 mg/kg Administration: I.v. every other day for 4 weeks Result: Resulted in a significant tumor volume reduction at the dose of 2 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg. IC50& Target:Microtubule/Tubulin

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