Nickel fluoride, anhydrous

Excess exposure to nickel is usually handled by preventing further exposure and symptomatic treatment. Nickel poisoning may also be treated using chelation therapy with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. (L42)

The most common harmful health effect of nickel in humans is an allergic reaction. This usually manifests as a skin rash, although some people experience asthma attacks. Long term inhahation of nickel causes chronic bronchitis and reduced lung function, as well as damage to the naval cavity. Ingestion of excess nickel results in damage to the stomach, blood, liver, kidneys, and immune system, as well as having adverse effects on reproduction and development. (L41)

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m. /Nickel, soluble cmpd, as Ni/

Asthma - Reversible bronchoconstriction (narrowing of bronchioles) initiated by the inhalation of irritating or allergenic agents.

Inhalation (L41); oral (L41); dermal (L41)

Warning: possible fluorosis after chronic exposure; Nickel compounds (7440-02-0) are classified by IARC as Group 1 (known human carcinogens). [ACGIH Guide to Occupational Exposure Values] See Nickel and linked occupational diseases. See FLUORIDES.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Nickel is known to substitute for other essential elements in certain enzmes, such as calcineurin. It is genotoxic, and some nickel compounds have been shown to promote cell proliferation. Nickel has a high affinity for chromatin proteins, particularly histones and protamines. The complexing of nickel ions with heterochromatin results in a number of alterations including condensation, DNA hypermethylation, gene silencing, and inhibition of histone acetylation, which have been shown to disturb gene expression. Nickel has also been shown to alter several transcription factors, including hypoxia-inducible transcription factor, activating transcription factor, and NF-KB transcription factor. There is also evidence that nickel ions inhibit DNA repair, either by directly inhibiting DNA repair...

Intermediate Inhalation: 0.0002 mg/m3 (L134) Chronic Inhalation: 0.00009 mg/m3 (L134)

Symptoms of nickel poisoning include headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, irritability, and difficulty sleeping, followed by chest pains, sweating, rapid heart beat, and a dry cough. (L42)

Small quantities are stored ... in polyethylene bottles ... .

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr TWA 0.015 mg/cu m. /Nickel metal and other compounds (as Ni)/

New Zealand EPA Inventory of Chemical Status: Nickel fluoride (NiF2): Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

Chemical Assessment: IMAP assessments - Nickel nitrate and nickel fluoride: Human health tier II assessment

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

Toxic gases and vapors (such as nickel carbonyl) may be released in a fire involving nickel ... /Nickel & sol nickel cmpd/

Aquatic Chronic 1

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Nickel and related compounds/

1.0 [mg/m3], as Ni (2.5 mg/m3 as F)

Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAK): 1.0 [mg/m3], as F, inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

Max allowable concn (MAX) USSR 0.005 mg/cu m as Ni /Nickel salts & aerosols/

NIOSH considers nickel metal and other compounds (as Ni) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Nickel metal and other compounds (as Ni)/