(+)-O,O′-Diacetyl-L-tartaric anhydride is an HPLC derivatization reagent for UV/Vis detection. It is mainly employed as a reagent for the chiral derivatization of amino alcohols. It also reacts with alkanoamines in aprotic medium containing trichloroacetic acid and produces tartaric acid monoesters (+)-O,O′-Diacetyl-L-tartaric anhydride may be used as a chiral derivatizating agent in the following: • determination of enantiomeric vigabatrin in mouse serum samples using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-M) • determination of trantinterol in rat plasma by ultra performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS)