4′-辛基-4-联苯腈（8CB）是一种低摩尔质量的液晶（LC），其根据温度条件显示出不同的液晶相。在常温条件下，8CB 仅以本体近晶 A 相存在。LC 对温度、剪切力、电场（或磁场）以及与之接触的固体表面结构的细微变化做出反应。 应用 LC 的单层膜沉积在高度有序的热解石墨上，这些自组装膜表现出各种各样的结构形式。 4′-octyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile (8CB) is a low molar mass liquid crystal (LC), which shows different liquid crystalline phases depending on temperature conditions. Under normal temperature conditions 8CB exists only as a bulk smectic-A phase. LCs are responsive to subtle changes in temperature, shear, electric (or magnetic) fields, and the structure of solid surfaces with which they are in contact.Monolayer films of the LCs deposited onto highly ordered pyrolytic graphite, these self-assembled films display a wide variety of structural forms.