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Product details
名称
Raf1-RBD Agarose (活性Ras结合琼脂糖凝胶)
货号
R749796-1ml
包装规格
1ml
产品介绍
产品介绍 : 阿拉丁生产的Raf1-RBD Agarose (活性Ras结合琼脂糖凝胶),也称Raf1-RBD琼脂糖凝胶,是一种将E.coli重组表达GST-tag融合人源Raf1的RBD结构域蛋白与谷胱甘肽琼脂糖凝胶结合制备成的用于活性Ras结合的琼脂糖凝胶。本产品可用于结合、沉淀或拉下(Pull-down)激活状态的Ras蛋白(包括NRas、HRas和KRas),即Active Ras Pull-down,从而在体外检测Ras蛋白激活状态与静息状态(Inactive state)的比例,还可用于组织或细胞裂解液中激活状态Ras蛋白的定量检测。本产品能弥补缺少区分激活状态与静息状态Ras蛋白抗体的空白。本产品的工作原理如图1所示。图1. 阿拉丁生产的Raf1-RBD Agarose (活性Ras结合琼脂糖凝胶) 的工作原理图。Raf1是与Ras亚家族(包括NRas、HRas和KRas)相互作用的一种下游效应蛋白(Effector protein),在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡、存活和致癌转化中起重要作用。Raf1全长648个氨基酸,理论分子量为73kDa,含有4个结构域:激活状态Ras的结合结构域、半胱氨酸富含区结构域(Cysteine-rich domain, CRD)、参与Raf1激活的抑制性磷酸化位点和激酶结构域。Raf1的RBD结构域可以特异性的识别并结合激活状态的Ras蛋白,但不结合静息状态的Ras蛋白,因此Raf1-RBD重组蛋白可用于检测激活状态的Ras蛋白,在体内或体外也可以作为Ras蛋白的抑制剂使用1]。小GTP酶,也称Small G-proteins、Ras superfamily,是调节真核细胞信号转导、细胞增殖、细胞骨架重组和细胞内膜转运等过程的分子开关,小GTP酶通过结合和水解GTP,在“激活”和“静息”状态之间循环:在外界信号的刺激下,鸟苷酸交换因子(Guanine nucleotide-exchange factors, GEFs)辅助小GTP酶将结合的GDP置换为GTP,小GTP酶结合GTP进入激活状态;激活状态的小GTP酶与下游效应蛋白(Effector protein)相互作用,从而刺激细胞发生相应的响应;GTP酶激活蛋白(GTPase-activating proteins, GAPs)催化小GTP酶结合的GTP水解为GDP,并释放自由磷酸盐(Free phosphate, Pi),此时小GTP酶结合GDP进入静息状态(Inactive state),鸟嘌呤核苷酸解离抑制蛋白(Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors, GDIs)抑制小GTP酶释放GDP,直到GEFs受到刺激信号再次开启新一轮的循环(图2) 2-3]。图2. 小GTP酶在“激活”和“静息”状态之间循环的原理图。小GTP酶在人类中已发现超过150个家族成员,在果蝇(Drosophila)、秀丽隐杆线虫(C. elegans)、酿酒酵母(S. cerevisiae)、粟酒裂殖酵母(e)、黏菌(Dictyostelium)和植物中也都发现了保守的同源物。小GTP酶根据结构和功能被分为5个家族分支:Ras家族、Rho家族、Ran家族、Rab家族和Arf家族。Ras家族本身又被分为6个亚家族:Ras亚家族、Ral亚家族、Rit亚家族、Rap亚家族、Rheb亚家族和Rad亚家族4]。Ras家族(Ras homologous GTPases)是调节肌动蛋白重组的关键因子,因此在肌动蛋白细胞骨架完整性、细胞增殖、细胞分化、细胞粘附、细胞凋亡和细胞迁移等细胞过程中发挥着重要作用。目前有16个成员被发现,被分为6个亚家族(见下表),其中NRas、HRas和KRas研究的最为广泛5]。本产品Pull-down激活状态NRas重组蛋白的效果图如下。实验采用GppNHp (鸟苷酰亚胺二磷酸锂)作为GTP替代物,GppNHp是一种不可水解的GTP类似物6]。图3. 阿拉丁Raf1-RBD Agarose (活性Ras结合琼脂糖凝胶) Pull-down激活状态NRas重组蛋白的效果图。在100μl反应体系中,加入终浓度为1mM GppNHp或GDP、20μg Recombinant Human NRas 和25μl Raf1-RBD Agarose,置于旋转混合仪上,4ºC孵育1小时。后经离心,洗涤,加入25μl 1X SDS-PAGE上样缓冲液95ºC加热5分钟,UltraBio™ Plus PAGE预制胶(Tris-Gly, 8-20%, 10孔) 电泳后进行Western检测,使用Flag Tag Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (HRP Conjugated) 孵育。可观察到本产品可以特异性地识别并结合激活状态的NRas蛋白(NRas-GppNHp),但不结合静息状态的NRas蛋白(NRas-GDP)。Western印迹成像使用Imager 600化学发光成像系统完成。实际结果会因实验条件、检测仪器等的不同而存在差异,图中数据仅供参考。Raf1-RBD Agarose储存溶液: 50mM HEPES (pH7.4), 150mM NaCl, 5mM MgCl2, 0.5% Triton X-100, 1mM DTT, 10% glycerol.Lysis Buffer: 50mM Tris (pH7.4), 1% Triton X-100, 0.5% Sodium Deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, 500mM NaCl, 10mM MgCl2, 10μg/ml Leupeptin, 10μg/ml Aprotinin, 1mM PMSF.Wash Buffer: 50mM Tris (pH7.4), 40mM NaCl, 30mM MgCl2.本产品包装体积为1ml,凝胶沉淀体积占50%,共结合约0.5mg GST-Raf1-RBD重组蛋白,如果按照每个Pull-down反应使用20-50μl Raf1-RBD Agarose悬浊液来计算,本产品每1ml可用于20-50次反应。-80ºC保存,一年有效。4ºC保存,一个月内有效。到货后 使用说明 : 具体操作步骤,请参考阿拉丁Active Ras Pull-down and Detection Kit 说明书。参考文献:1.Tran TH, Chan AH, Young LC, Bindu L, Neale C. Nat Commun. 2021. 12(1):1176.2.Vernoud V, Horton AC, Yang Z, Nielsen E. Plant Physiol. 2003. 131(3):1191-208.3.Ito H, Morishita R, Nagata KI. Int J Mol Sci. 2018. 19(7):2121.4.Goitre L, Trapani E, Trabalzini L, Retta SF. Methods Mol Biol. 2014. 1120:1-18.5.Bos JL. Cancer Res. 1989. 49(17):4682-9.6.Mann D, Güldenhaupt J, Schartner J, Gerwert K, Kötting C. J Biol Chem. 2018. 293(11):3871-9. Aladdin's Raf1-RBD Agarose is generated by combining GST-tagged human Raf1 RBD domain recombinantly expressed in E. coli with glutathione agarose . This product can be used to bind, precipitate, or pull down active Ras proteins (including NRas, HRas and KRas), to investigate the proportion of active Ras to inactive Ras in vitro, and can also be used for quantitative analysis of active Ras proteins in tissue or cell lysate.Please refer to Figure 1 for the working principle of this product.Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the working principle of Aladdin's Raf1-RBD Agarose .Raf1 is a downstream effector protein that interacts with the Ras subfamily (including NRas, HRas and KRas) and plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and carcinogenesis. The full-length Raf1 protein comprises 648 amino acid residues, with a theoretical molecular weight of 73kDa. It contains four domains Precautions : Store at -20℃ or -80℃ upon receipt. After first thawing, aliquot this product to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.This product is for R&D only. Not for drug, household, or other uses.For your safety and health, please wear a lab coat and disposable gloves during the operation. Instructions for Use : For the usage of this product, please refer to the manual of Active Ras Pull-down and Detection Kit (, P2433).References:1. Tran TH, Chan AH, Young LC, Bindu L, Neale C. Nat Commun. 2021. 12(1):1176.2. Vernoud V, Horton AC, Yang Z, Nielsen E. Plant Physiol. 2003. 131(3):1191-208.3. Ito H, Morishita R, Nagata KI. Int J Mol Sci. 2018. 19(7):2121.4. Goitre L, Trapani E, Trabalzini L, Retta SF. Methods Mol Biol. 2014. 1120:1-18.5. Bos JL. Cancer Res. 1989. 49(17):4682-9.6. Mann D, Güldenhaupt J, Schartner J, Gerwert K, Kötting C. J Biol Chem. 2018. 293(11):3871-9.
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Research chemical 1ml

Research chemical 1ml; supplied for laboratory research, analysis, inspection, and scientific procurement use; specifications: 1ml.

item number:R749796-1ml
Product model:1ml
level: 1ml
Lead Time:30days
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