
- EC classification: 符号:T,N;R:23/25-33-50/53;S:(1/2)-20/21-28-45-60-61;注意:A
- Treatment: EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.
- UN classification: UN 危险类别:6.1; UN 包装组:II
- DOT label: 毒物
- Body Burden: 大鼠吸入研究表明,94%的亚硒酸沉积在肺部并在四小时内被吸收。基于这些大鼠研究的模型预测,由于吸入城市大气中的亚硒酸...,人体器官浓度不会显著增加人体负担。
- Health hazard: 亚硒酸及其盐能够穿透皮肤并可能引起急性中毒。引起皮肤刺激和烧伤。口服毒性很高。无机硒化合物可能引起皮炎。(EPA, 1998)
- Hazard summary: 腐蚀性物质,可造成皮肤、眼睛和呼吸道损伤;吸入可能导致肺水肿;可能引起皮肤致敏;可能损害中枢神经系统和肝脏;[ICSC] 可能引起皮肤刺激和烧伤;在一名患者自杀性摄入枪蓝后,出现肺水肿和急性肾小管坏死;组织中的硒水平是正常的9-90倍;在另一例中毒案例中,一名2岁女孩摄入了约11 mL枪蓝剂;摄入后5小时,血浆硒水平是正常的20倍,但她幸存下来;腐蚀性物质,可造成皮肤、眼睛和呼吸道损伤;吸入可能导致化学性肺炎;[MSDSonline] 见硒。
- reactive group: 酸,弱
- inhalation prophylaxis: 使用通风、局部排气或呼吸防护。
- Aspiration risk: 20°C下的蒸发可忽略不计;然而,当分散时,可以迅速达到有害的空气颗粒物浓度。
- Disposal method: 不适合焚烧。
- Safe storage: 与食品和饲料分开存放。保持干燥。保存在通风良好的房间。
- First aid measures: 摄入急救:漱口。不要催吐。就医。
- ingestion prevention: 工作期间不要进食、饮水或吸烟。进食前洗手。
- exposure pathway: 口服(L619);吸入(L619);皮肤接触(L619)
- exposure prevention: 防止粉尘扩散!严格卫生!
- Harmful effect: 毒性肺炎 - 因吸入金属烟雾或有毒气体和蒸汽引起的肺部炎症。
- Toxicity summary: Selenium readily substitutes for sulfur in biomolecules and in many biochemical reactions, especially when the concentration of selenium is high and the concentration of sulfur is low. Inactivation of the sulfhydryl enzymes necessary for oxidative reactions in cellular respiration, through effects on mitochondrial and microsomal electron transport, might contribute to acute selenium toxicity. Selenomethionine (a common organic selenium compound) also appears to randomly substitute for methionine in protein synthesis. This substitution may affect the structure and functionability of the protein, for example, by altering disulfide bridges. Inorganic forms of selenium appear to react with tissue thiols by redox catalysis, resulting in formation of reactive oxygen species and causing damage...
- Spill disposal: 疏散危险区域!咨询专家!个人防护:包括自给式呼吸器在内的全套防护服。用干石灰或苏打灰覆盖泄漏物。小心收集剩余物。然后根据当地法规储存和处理。
- fire hazard: 不可燃。在火灾中释放刺激性或有毒烟雾(或气体)。
- fire fighting: 如果周围发生火灾,使用适当的灭火介质。
- skin prevention: 防护手套。防护服。
- interaction: 研究了镉、汞(Hg)和三种不同化学形式的硒(亚硒酸盐、硒代半胱氨酸和硒代蛋氨酸)对公羊精子运动能力和体外氧消耗的影响,持续4个月。10(-6)至10(-2) M浓度的镉和汞对精子有害,表现为运动能力下降和氧摄取减少。等摩尔浓度的硒作为亚硒酸盐、硒代半胱氨酸或硒代蛋氨酸在低浓度(10(-5)和10(-6) M)下可抵消镉和汞的毒性,但在较高浓度(10(-4)至10(-2) M)下则不能。... /亚硒酸盐/
- Eye protection: 佩戴面罩或眼睛防护装置,并配合呼吸防护。
- Preventive measures: SRP:关于工业中使用隐形眼镜的科学文献存在冲突。佩戴隐形眼镜的有益或有害影响不仅取决于物质,还取决于包括物质形式、暴露的特征和持续时间、其他眼部防护设备的使用以及隐形眼镜的卫生等因素。然而,可能存在某些具有刺激性或腐蚀性的物质,佩戴隐形眼镜会对眼睛有害。在这些特定情况下,不应佩戴隐形眼镜。在任何情况下,即使佩戴隐形眼镜,也应佩戴常规的眼部防护设备。
- Target Organs: 神经系统
- Health Effects: 长期高浓度硒化合物口服暴露可导致一种称为硒中毒的疾病。硒中毒的主要症状是脱发、指甲脆性和神经系统异常(如四肢麻木和其他异常感觉)。动物研究表明,硒也可能影响精子产生和女性生殖周期。(L619)
- reactivity profile: 亚硒酸加热时分解为有毒和挥发的二氧化硒。用作氧化剂。与许多还原剂包括氢碘酸、亚硫酸、硫代硫酸钠、羟胺盐、肼盐、次磷酸、亚磷酸发生放热反应[Merck]。氧化许多有机物质。被强氧化剂氧化为硒酸。
- Symptoms and Signs: 短期高浓度硒口服暴露可能导致恶心、呕吐和腹泻。短时间暴露于高浓度元素硒或二氧化硒空气中可导致呼吸道刺激、支气管炎、呼吸困难和胃痛。对这些空气形式的长期暴露可导致呼吸道刺激、支气管痉挛和咳嗽。(L619)
- Isolation and evacuation: 火灾:如果涉及罐、铁路罐车或公路罐车,应在所有方向上隔离800米(1/2英里);同时,考虑在所有方向上初始疏散800米(1/2英里)。(ERG, 2024)
- ICSC Environmental Data: 该物质对水生生物有害。
- RCRA Requirements: D010;含有硒的固体废物(如亚硒酸)在经受40 CFR 261.24中列出的毒性特征浸出程序后,可能被表征为危险废物,也可能不被表征为危险废物,如果被表征为危险废物,则必须作为危险废物进行管理。
- Minimum Risk Level: 慢性口服:0.005 mg/kg/天 (L134)
- Short-term exposure effects: 该物质对眼睛、皮肤和呼吸道有腐蚀性。吸入可能导致肺水肿。该物质可能对眼睛有影响。这可能导致眼睑过敏反应(玫瑰眼)。需要医疗观察。
- Air and water reaction: 与空气无快速反应。与水无快速反应。
- EPA IRIS Information: 参考剂量(RfD),慢性:5 x 10 ^-3 mg/kg-day
- Medical Surveillance: 应向每个暴露于硒及其无机化合物达到潜在危险水平的员工提供以下医疗程序:1. 初次医疗检查:完整病史和体格检查:目的是发现可能使暴露员工面临增加风险的现有状况,并为未来健康监测建立基线。有哮喘、过敏史或已知对硒敏感,或有其他慢性呼吸道疾病、胃肠道紊乱、肝脏或肾脏疾病或复发性皮炎病史的人预计会面临更高的暴露风险。应强调对眼睛、呼吸系统、肝脏、肾脏和血液的检查。应检查皮肤...
- RAIS Toxicity Values: 口服亚慢性慢性参考剂量参考:HEAST 当前
- Hazard categories and classifications: 特定靶器官毒性 - 重复暴露 - 1类(神经系统、呼吸系统、血液系统、肝脏、肾脏、睾丸)
- The impact of long-term exposure: 反复或长期接触可能导致皮肤过敏。该物质可能对呼吸道、胃肠道、中枢神经系统和肝脏有影响。这可能导致鼻腔刺激、持久的大蒜气味、胃痛、神经紧张和肝功能损害。
- Non-human toxic extract: 亚硒酸溶于生理盐水并在孵化第4天以0.0007至0.05毫克/蛋的剂量注射入鸡胚胎。对照蛋注射等量生理盐水(0.1毫克/蛋)。使用288枚蛋。在孵化第11天,出现畸形,包括体型减小、扭曲的肢体、扭曲的颈部、内脏外翻、水肿、异位心脏和体表出血。在16个胚胎中有2个显示心脏室间隔缺损和心室壁变薄。
- Non-fire leakage response: 避免吸入和皮肤接触。通风溢出区域。以最方便和安全的方式收集溢出材料,并将其放入密封容器中以回收或在安全处置的垃圾填埋场处置。含硒无机化合物的液体应被蛭石、干沙、土或类似材料吸收。(EPA, 1998)
- Personal protective equipment (PPE): 紧急情况下,佩戴正压、需求式、全面罩自给式呼吸器(SCBA)或需求式供气呼吸器,并配备逃生SCBA和全包覆式耐化学腐蚀服。(EPA, 1998)
- Possible routes of human exposure: 化石燃料燃烧释放的硒化合物可能对人类构成潜在的吸入危害。燃烧过程中释放的最可能的硒形式是亚硒酸和元素硒。
- Protective Action Standards (PAC): PAC-3: 2.4 [毫克/立方米]
- Carcinogen Classification: 3,对人致癌性无法分类。(L135)
- Drug Induced Liver Injury: 参考文献:DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
- EPA Hazardous Waste Number: D010;含有硒(如亚硒酸)的废物可能(也可能不)根据《资源保护和回收法》(RCRA)规定的毒性提取程序测试后被认定为危险废物。(见40 CFR 261)。
- Evidence for Carcinogenicity: CLASSIFICATION: D; not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on inadequate data and inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. The evidence for various selenium compounds in animal and mutagenicity studies is conflicting and difficult to interpret; however, evidnce for selenium sulfide is sufficient for a B2 (probable human carcinogen) classification . HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate.
- Threshold Limit Values (TLV): 0.2 mg/m
- Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL): 0.2 [mg/m3],以Se计
- Skin, eye and respiratory irritation: ...亚硒酸/腐蚀/皮肤并可能引起局部刺激...
- Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL): MAK(最大工作场所浓度):(以Se计,可吸入颗粒):0.02 mg/m
- Exposure Control and Personal Protection: 最大允许浓度 (MAK): 0.02 [mg/m3],以Se计,可吸入颗粒[德国研究基金会 (DFG)]
- Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH): 1.0 [mg/m³],以Se计
- Hazard Quotient Level 3 or Cancer Risk Level 1E-04: 胃肠道吸收的污染物比例:1
- Hazard Quotient Level 0.1 or Cancer Risk Level 1E-06: 胃肠道吸收的污染物比例:1
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Research chemical 99. 999%; metals basis; 10g
Research chemical 99. 999%; metals basis; 10g; supplied for laboratory research, analysis, inspection, and scientific procurement use; specifications: 99. 999%; metals basis; 10g.




