应用： 脱氢氨基酸、甲酯和酮的不对称氢化反应的有效配体。 Application： (R)-(-)-4,12-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-[2.2]-paracyclophane may be used as a ligand in the following processes: Enantioselective reductive cyclization of 1,6-enynes via asymmetric hydrogenation in the presence of a rhodium catalyst to form alkylidene-substituted heterocycles Asymmetric hydroboration of 3,3-disubstituted cyclopropenes to form 2,2-disubstituted cyclopropyl boronates Asymmetric ring-opening reactions of azabenzonorbornadienes in the presence of zinc(II) triflate and palladium(II) acetate to form aminodihydronaphthalenes.