吡格列酮-d4是标记的噻唑烷二酮，可激活PPARγ，并在较小程度上激活PPARα。研究表明，吡格列酮-d4可增加NIIDM的内脏和外周葡萄糖摄取。已知吡格列酮-d4调节胰岛素敏感性基因，其控制多种组织例如肌肉细胞，脂肪组织和肝脏中的葡萄糖和脂质代谢。替代研究表明，吡格列酮d4激活Akt，同时上调cPLA2和Cox-2。吡格列酮-d4可有效干扰雄性颗粒细胞中芳香酶上的雄激素结合，从而抑制雌激素合成。 Pioglitazone-d4 is a labeled thiazolidinedione, which activates PPARγ and to a lesser extent PPARα. Studies show that Pioglitazone-d4 increases splanchnic and peripheral glucose uptake in NIIDM. It is known that Pioglitazone-d4 modulates insulin-sensitive genes which control glucose and lipid metabolism in a variety of tissues such as muscle cells, adipose tissue and the liver. Alternate studies show that Pioglitazone-d4 activates Akt, while upregulating cPLA2 and Cox-2. Pioglitazone-d4 is effective in interfering with androgen binding on aromatase in human granulosa cells, which inhibits estrogen synthesis.