
- Hazard summary: 医生、牙医和兽医中报告有过敏性接触性皮炎;[Kanerva, p. 1829] 普鲁卡因过敏曾是牙医的常见皮肤致敏剂。普鲁卡因、苯佐卡因和丁卡因之间存在交叉反应性,但与目前使用的利多卡因和其他酰胺类局部麻醉剂无交叉反应。[Kanerva, p. 434]
- Disposal method: SRP:在审查时,土地处理或填埋(卫生填埋)处置实践的标准正在重大修订中。在实施废物残渣(包括废物污泥)的土地处置之前,咨询环境监管机构以获取可接受的处置实践指导。
- exposure pathway: 口服, 浸润, 肌肉注射
- Harmful effect: 普鲁卡因在治疗水平以上的全身存在会导致多器官系统以剂量依赖方式受损,这被称为局部麻醉药全身毒性(LAST)。普鲁卡因与其他麻醉药一样,除了电压门控钠通道外,还结合β-肾上腺素受体,以介导心脏和神经毒性。心脏症状包括心脏传导阻滞、心律失常、血流动力学不稳定、心力衰竭和心脏骤停。中枢神经系统抑制可能导致耳鸣、视力模糊、头晕、静坐不能、焦虑、震颤、癫痫发作、昏迷、无意识和呼吸停止等不同表现。普鲁卡因诱导的LAST的管理和治疗包括气道管理(通气、氧合)、循环支持...
- Toxicity summary: 普鲁卡因主要通过抑制钠离子通过电压门控钠通道进入神经元细胞膜来发挥作用。当钠离子内流被中断时,动作电位无法产生,信号传导因此被抑制。受体位点被认为位于钠通道的胞质(内部)部分。普鲁卡因还被证明能够结合或拮抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体以及烟碱乙酰胆碱受体和血清素受体-离子通道复合物的功能。
- Regulatory information: 新西兰化学品状态清单:普鲁卡因:无单独批准但可在适当的团体标准下使用
- Toxicity Data: LD50: 350 mg/kg (口服,小鼠)。
- Symptoms and Signs: 过敏反应(呼吸困难;喉咙紧闭;嘴唇、舌头或面部肿胀;或荨麻疹);胸痛或心跳缓慢或不规则;头晕或嗜睡;焦虑或不安;恶心或呕吐;颤抖、发抖或癫痫发作(惊厥)。其他不太严重的副作用,如注射部位周围麻木、刺痛或轻微疼痛,更可能发生。(L1459)
- Human toxicity extract: ...在2例病例中,在拔牙后注射普鲁卡因后出现视力丧失。其中一例在拔牙后一天内出现严重视力丧失,且此后无改善。最终视神经萎缩,视力/SRP: 减少至/ 手动感知。
- non-human toxicity value: LD50 小鼠静脉注射 45 mg/kg
- Hazard categories and classifications: 急性毒性 4 (100%)
- Non-human toxic extract: 经肠道外途径吸收后,普鲁卡因是中枢神经系统兴奋剂,引起不安和震颤,进而发展为阵挛性惊厥。兴奋之后是抑制,死亡通常是由于呼吸衰竭。...偶尔小剂量会导致心血管衰竭和死亡。
- Carcinogen Classification: 对人类无致癌性迹象(未被IARC列出)。
- Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation: ◉ 对哺乳和母乳的影响
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Research chemical CAS 59-46-1 ≥98% HPLC 5g
Research chemical CAS 59-46-1 ≥98% HPLC 5g, complete specifications; suitable for production, research, laboratory testing and inspection; digital one-stop procurement platform for scientific materials.




