
- Treatment: 如果特拉唑嗪过量导致低血压,心血管系统的支持是首要的。通过让患者保持仰卧位可以恢复血压和正常化心率。如果此措施不足,应首先用扩容剂治疗休克。然后如有必要,应使用血管升压药,并监测和支持肾功能。实验室数据表明特拉唑嗪高度蛋白结合;因此,透析可能没有益处。(L1712)
- exposure pathway: 口服。在人体中基本完全吸收(生物利用度90%)。
- Harmful effect: 特拉唑嗪已在许多同时使用其他药物的患者中使用;虽然这些相互作用未得到广泛研究,但未观察到相互作用。
- Toxicity summary: 特拉唑嗪选择性和竞争性抑制血管突触后α(1)-肾上腺素能受体,导致周围血管舒张和血管阻力及血压降低。与非选择性α-肾上腺素能阻滞剂酚苄明和酚妥拉明不同,特拉唑嗪不阻断突触前α(2)-受体,因此不会引起去甲肾上腺素释放的反射性激活而产生反射性心动过速。
- Regulatory information: REACH注册物质: 状态: 活跃 更新: 25-07-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/25502
- Toxicity Data: LD50: 259.3mg/kg (腹腔注射-静脉内, 小鼠) (A308)
- Health Effects: 低血压、心悸、体位性低血压、晕厥、外周水肿、体重增加、呼吸困难、鼻充血/鼻炎、阳痿。
- Hepatotoxicity: 可能性评分:E(不太可能引起明显的肝损伤)。
- Symptoms and Signs: 虚弱、体位性低血压、头晕、嗜睡、鼻充血/鼻炎。
- Hazard categories and classifications: 急性毒性 4 (97.7%)
- Carcinogen Classification: 对人类无致癌性迹象(未被IARC列出)。
- Drug Induced Liver Injury: 参考文献:DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2019.09.022
- Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation: 截至修订日期,未在哺乳期妇女中找到相关已发表信息。然而,药理作用相似的药物哌唑嗪不会影响高血压患者的血清催乳素浓度。已建立泌乳的妇女的催乳素水平可能不会影响其母乳喂养能力。
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